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牡丹江翻譯公司關鍵字：4. Time lag effect of government decision-making and optimal decision time inconsistency. Government decision-making usually takes some time, and changes in market environment is changing, and therefore the government's decision is consistent with the actual situation is difficult, leading manufacturers of military resources and the inefficient allocation of social resources. Even if government policy is the best policy, but because of the time inconsistency of optimal decision can lead to failure of government policy. In the Ramsey equilibrium, the government made a one-time decision-making earlier, consumers make decisions based on a given choice in the post. In practice, government policy can change at any time, but the public is not bound by its ability to act. Beginning to be considered in the formulation of the Ramsey policy is optimal, as time goes on is no longer optimal, and if the government can change his mind unfettered, it will choose a different policy. This phenomenon is known as Kydland and Prescott's time consistent optimal decision (time inconsistency) problem. [5] For example, in national security situation is extremely serious, the government made the size and structure of the defense industry a major adjustment of the optimal decision, but the implementation of policies in the post and requires a longer time, if the policy implementation process security situation was reversed, to sweep away the shadow of war, then the Government needs to change and adjust the original formulation of relevant policies, contributing to the failure of the original policy. 60-70 years of the 20th century, such as large-scale "three-line construction," This is the case.
In addition, the "rent-seeking" (rent-seeking) is also an important reason leading to government failure. The so-called "rent-seeking" is "a lower cost of bribery to obtain a higher income or excess profits" (Muller language). The so-called lease or rent, according to Buchanan's argument is to pay compensation to the owners of factors of production, more than in any alternative use of elements that can be paid on that part. Muller in the "Public Choice II", a book will be rent-seeking into three categories: First, rent-seeking by government regulation; the second is through tariffs and import quotas, rent-seeking; third order of government rent-seeking. Rent-seeking activities lead to government failure, because it is inefficient allocation of resources as a source. Into the control of military production and the government as the sole buyer of the characteristics that make the existence of military production in the more prominent rent-seeking behavior. Defense industry rent-seeking activities that occur in running, is a non-productive activities, even though the military does not damage the interests of manufacturers, or even from income, but the perspective of society as a whole does not add any new products or new wealth, only However, changing the relationship between ownership of factors of production, the greater part of some of the wealth into private pockets. Moreover, the military orders in the struggle for power in rent-seeking activities, but also seriously affect and undermine the military's reputation and image, resulting in integrity costs and other social costs.
Third, the government failure to correct and preventThrough the above analysis we can see that government failure to some extent lead to inefficient operation of the defense industry, defense industry and the Government in the effective operation of the failures that occur, not only by the decision of the Government's own characteristics, but also by the government reasons of misconduct. Therefore, in order to achieve the role of the government in the effective operation of the defense industry's role, it must be based on government property and government functions effectively positioning requirements, to correct and overcome the phenomenon of government failure.
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